官方推荐雅思写作实用技巧

       无论是在IELTS雅思的学术类或是工作移民类考试，第二部分的写作都是讨论性的短文。你必须针对一个问题陈述你的意见或是观点，然后有条理地把你的论点以短文的方式呈现。你至少要写250个字，而且不要花超过40分钟在这个部分。短文的主题可能是任何一个成人会讨论的话题，例如: 教育，犯罪，环境，工作，互联网，语言和文化

       让我们来看看这种题型的范例.

　　'As English is now the world language and an essential skill in business, English language instruction should begin in kindergarten.'

　　To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　　You should write 250 words

如何应付这种题型

　　第一步: 分析问题

　　首先，让我们来分析问题。把关键字好好想过，厘清字词的意义

　　世界语言 – 英语是我们的世界语言吗? 如果是，为什么会这样说? 全球各地使用英语的状况为何? 有其他替代的全球性语言吗?

　　必要的 – 所有的人真的都需要会说英语吗? 有哪些工作是不需要使用英语的? 社会上的重要人士英语都很好吗?

　　幼儿园 – 这是开始学英语的最好时机吗? 这么早开始学英语的优点和缺点各为何?

　　
第二步: 头脑风暴

　　现在，决定你是要赞成 (你同意应该从幼儿园开始学英语) 或是反对(你反对) 这个论点，然后把你的想法记下来。通常，正反两面都探讨是有帮助的。而且试着想一些真实的范例来证实你的想法。

　　阅读以下的句子 – 哪些是赞成，哪些是反对的想法?

　　
1. 其他语言比英语更广泛地被使用。

　　2. 英语被视为国际商场上的语言

　　3. 许多跨国产业以英语为企业的语言

　　4. 其他的语言也被应用在商场上

　　5. 在中国的外商主管都被要求学习中文

　　6. 英语在高等教育上被使用，甚至在非英语系国家

　　7. 在幼儿园阶段学习英语可能会帮助学生具备双语能力

　　8. 语言代表着文化，需要被保存

　　9. 儿童还没有完全学会使用自己的母语，而且会感到很疑惑

　　10. 儿童对新的语言接受度很高

　　答案

Answers

赞成 2, 3, 6, 7, 10

　　反对 1, 4, 5, 8, 9

　　
第三步: 计划

　　现在你已有些想法了，你可以开始计划这文章的架构。想一下每个段落的主题是什么。像这样的题目，很基本的段落架构如下。斜体字的部分为对句子有帮助的用语。

　　1: 引言

解释下话题的背景

In recent years; Nowadays; Over the past twenty years…

　　2: 赞成

Arguments in favour of introducing English tuition in kindergarten (one or two paragraphs)
Some people think; They say; It's true that …

　　3: 反对

Arguments against doing this (one or two paragraphs)
On the other hand; Other people would argue; One example of this is …

　　4: 结论

Your own personal opinion based on all the arguments
Overall; Having looked at both sides; In conclusion …

　　第四步: 开始写作

　　以下的短文为此题目的一范例文章，但是并没有照原来的顺序排列。你能把这几个段落排出正确的顺序吗?

　　(注意 - 起首用语皆为连接段落的用语)

• A

  
  

• It's true that English is very important in international business, and many multinational companies use English as their corporate language. It is also very important in terms of educational opportunities, with many universities now teaching courses in English even in non-English speaking countries, not to mention the information and entertainment available from global media such as Hollywood movies and the Internet. Many people feel that teaching children English from a young age gives children the opportunity to become bi-lingual which would provide them with many advantages in the future. Pre-school children are also obviously very receptive to new language.

  
  

• B

  
  

• However, the real issue is whether children of kindergarten age are mentally ready to start learning a foreign language. It stands to reason that a child who has not mastered their mother tongue will be very confused by exposure to a second unrelated form of communication.

• C

  
  

• Having looked at both sides of this issue, it seems clear that, although English is very important, educators need to think carefully about the child's overall development when deciding when to introduce English into the curriculum. Doing this too early could result in children being proficient in neither language, and there are also issues of cultural identity that need to be considered.

• D

  
  

• Nowadays, many people regard English as the main world language and it is certainly true that it is a very important tool for communication between people from different countries. Because of this, many kindergartens now offer English language instruction to children as young as 3, but this the really the best age to start learning a foreign language?

  
  

• E

  
  

• On the other hand, some people might argue that it is a mistake for children's education to focus exclusively on English, particularly as there are other languages, such as Chinese and Spanish that are more widely spoken. In an increasingly multi-polar world other languages clearly have a role to play, for example this week it has been reported that all new foreign executives in China will be required to pass a Chinese proficiency exam. Others would also argue that language represents culture, and that by putting too much emphasis on one language we risk diluting other languages and cultures.

　　答案

1: D

2: A

3: E

4: B

5: C

　　
现在，照着一样的步骤，试着做以下的题目:

　　'Crime in cities is out of control. The government needs to build more prison facilities and fill them with criminals'

　　To what extent do you agree or disagree?

You should write 250 words

　　记得:  1. 分析问题，且在关键字上做记号 2. 针对正反两面的看法，开始做头脑风暴  3. 计划段落的内容 4. 撰写，完成短文

　　你的短文一定要包含以下几点:

　　1. 有理由的见解

　　2. 真实的范例来证明你提出的要点

　　3. 连接用语来帮助读者了解文章的脉络

　　4. 段落

　　

网址

　　记得到以下的网站去查询更多针对这种短文的撰写技巧:
http://www.writefix.com/argument/essaylist.htm
http://www.ielts.org/
http://www.uefap.com/writing/writfram.htm
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/1/2/

　　
       FAQs 常问问题

　　问: 我必须要使用英式英语拼音吗?

　　答: 不用。就像IELTS雅思测验的其他部分，英式英语或美式英语都是被接受的，但是建议考生在写作时，最好能够前后一致，使用同一种拼法。

　　问: 针对题目的议题，我一定要正反两面都讨论吗? 答: 不一定。如果你觉得某一层面的探讨非常强而有力，你可以把每个段落都用来解释为什么你觉得这个理由很强烈。以上的段落架构只是给你个建议，让你知道如何开始撰写这类的短文。

　　问: 我一定要做结论吗?

　　答: 能够总结一下你提出的要点总是比较好的，且或许你可以在下结论时可以给一点个人的意见。

　　问: 如果题目的主题跟我学校学的无关怎么办? 我需要去学那些可能在考试会出现的主题吗?

　　答: 这些主题通常跟整个社会有关，所以每个人应该都多少知道一些，你不需要是专家才能回答这些问题。

但是，如果你能读些有关一般议题的英文报章杂志，你可以学会更多相关的字汇。

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