「环雅内容官」雅思写作流程图

当我们遇到流程图的时候，常常面临着这样的问题：

第一，生词太多，读不懂题;

第二，没有动词，造句困难;

第三，句型简单，不会变换;

第四，没有连接，逻辑混乱。

今天我们跟着脑洞大开的乐乐老师用“类比想象法”、“开心消消乐法”、“跳一跳法”和“排列组合法”一一攻破这些问题。

“什么?老师?开心消消乐?”“我不是来玩游戏的(⊙ˍ⊙)”

“什么?老师?微信跳一跳?你怎么知道我刚刚玩这个游戏?

以后我上课再也不玩了/(ㄒoㄒ)/~~”

哈哈O(∩_∩)O，今天我们看看这些方法怎么解决流程图。

我们来看一道流程图:

The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete for building purposes.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

很多同学看到这个题目的时候发现很多单词不认识，比如”cement”, “concrete”, “limestone”, “clay”, “crusher”, ”rotating heater”, ”grinder”......

“一种想放弃的感觉”

其实，我们可以把这个图想象成苹果、橙子和榨汁机的关系。

果汁(cement)的生产有几个步骤。第一步是苹果(limestone)和橙子(clay)被榨汁机(crusher)榨汁变成榴莲(powder)(哈哈，榴莲我的最爱♥)。下一步，榴莲(powder)被传送到榨汁机(mixer)里，榴莲在榨汁机里被榨汁。然后，榴莲(powder)被传送到榨汁机(rotating heater)里，榴莲(powder)在榨汁机里被榨汁。

接着，榴莲(powder)被放到传送带(conveyor belt)上，榴莲通过传送带被传送到榨汁机(grinder)里。之后，榴莲(powder)被榨汁机(grinder)里榨汁直到果汁被生产出来。最后果汁(cement)打包到袋子(bags)里。

这么一想，即使我们不认识这些单词也没有关系，想成水果和榨汁机的关系就可以了。这样我们通过想象的方法就可以解决生词太多的问题了。

“哇哦，妈妈再也不用担心我不认识单词了。”

分割线 箭头 动态

“可是，题目中没有给出动词，找不到动词怎么办?”

大家想想，榨汁机的作用是做什么?“榨汁!”

捕鼠器的作用是做什么?“捕鼠!”

割草机的作用又是做什么“割草!”。

在我们中文里，工具的名字通常都是在功能的基础上加上“机”或“器”。那么反过来，把工具后面的“机”或“器”去掉，就是的动词啦。

那么，类比到英语中，就是把英文中工具名字后面的”er”, ”or”, “ing”或“s”去掉，就是动词喽。所以:

“哇哦，好神奇，妈妈再也不用担心我找不到动词了。”

分割线 箭头 动态

“可是，接下来我们怎么写句子?我咋找不到主语呢?主语是人们吗?”

流程图中，多用被动语态，所以主语就是材料啦。

“哈哈，妈妈再也不用担心我不会写简单句了。”

分割线 箭头 动态

“可是，我想拿，不能老写简单句，怎么进行句式变换呢?”

我们可以通过“开心消消乐法”“跳一跳法”“排列组合法”解决这个问题。

比如：

Powder is sent to the mixer.

Powder is mixed in the mixer.这两个句子我们先找到相同的单词”powder”, 然后把相同的单词放到一起，变成下面这样：Powder Powder is sent to the mixer is mixed in the mixer.

大家都玩过开心消消乐的游戏，我们会把相同的地方消一消。我们这里也很相似，但是不是完全消掉，而是把后面的Powder消掉，变成which，这样我们可以得到这样的句子：①Powder which is sent to the mixer is mixed.

这就是传说中的定语从句。

紧接着，我们在句子①的基础上，继续消了which is，这样我们就可以得到这样的句子：

②Powder sent to the mixer is mixed.

这就是传说中的分词结构作后置定语，又一结构。

最近，大家特别喜欢玩微信跳一跳。

今天，我们在句子②的基础上，也来跳一跳，我们直接把蓝色部分跳到句首，这样我们就可以得到这样的句子：

③Sent to the mixer, powder is mixed.

这就是传说中的分词结构作状语，又一高大上的结构。

这两个简单句除了powder相同，还有the mixer 相同，我们把相同的地方放到一起，就是下面这个样子：

Powder is sent to the mixer in the mixer powder is mixed.

我们把后面的the mixer 变成which，第二次提到powder，我们用it指代，这样我们就可以得到下面的句子：

④Powder is sent to the mixer in which it is mixed.

这同样是传说的定语从句，大家经常背定语从句中 in which=where。

接下来，我们把这两个句子想象成两节火车厢，两节火车厢之间，需要链条连接起来，这个链条就是before。这样，我们就可以得到这样的句子：

⑤Powder is sent to the mixer before it is mixed.

这就是时间状语从句，before的连词的用法。

当然一节火车厢之后我们不仅可以加一节火车厢，我们还可以加一个小尾巴，before后面我们不仅可以加句子，还可以加名词或者动名词。这样，我们就可以得到这样的句子：

⑥Powder is sent to the mixer before being mixed.

这就是before的介词的用法。

这样，我们就可以把这两个简单句用六种方式合并出来。

Powder is sent to the mixer.

Powder is mixed in the mixer.

合并

①Powder which is sent to the mixer is mixed.

②Powder sent to the mixer is mixed.

③Sent to the mixer, powder is mixed.

④Powder is sent to the mixer in which it is mixed.

⑤Powder is sent to the mixer before it is mixed.

⑥Powder is sent to the mixer before being mixed.

同样地，以下两个简单句也可以用六种方式合并。

Mixed powder is delivered to the rotating heater.

Mixed powder is rotated and heated in the rotating heater.

合并:

①Mixed powder which is delivered to the rotating heater is rotated and heated.

②Mixed powder delivered to the rotating heater is rotated and heated.

③Delivered to the rotating heater, mixed powder is rotated and heated.

④Mixed powder is delivered to the rotating heater in which it is rotated and heated.

⑤Mixed powder is delivered to the rotating heater before it is rotated and heated.

⑥Mixed powder is delivered to the rotating heater before being rotated and heated.

同样地，这两个简单句也可以用这六种方式合并。

Heated powder is placed on the conveyor belt.

Heated powder is conveyed to the grinder by the conveyor belt.

合并:

①Heated powder which is placed on the conveyor belt is conveyed to the grinder.

②Heated powder placed on the conveyor belt is conveyed to the grinder.

③ Placed on the conveyor belt, heated powder is conveyed to the grinder.

④Heated powder is placed on the conveyor belt by which it is conveyed to the grinder.

⑤Heated powder is placed on the conveyor belt before it is conveyed to the grinder.

⑥Heated powder is placed on the conveyor belt before being conveyed to the grinder.

那么这个段落我们可以组合出多少种方式呢?

理科生快来!!!

“6×6×6=216”

“天哪!一个段落有216种组合方式!!!”

当然不是所有的组合方式都是好的组合方式，有多少种组合方式能得呢?

“6×5×4=120”

“哇!有120种方式可以得!!!”

比如:

我们选用120种组合方式中的一种组合方式(④③②组合)

There are several stages in the process of cement production. Limestone and clay are crushed by the crusher into powder. Powder is sent to the mixer in which it is mixed. Delivered to the rotating heater, mixed powder is rotated and heated. Heated powder placed on the conveyor belt is conveyed to the grinder. Cooled powder is ground by the grinder until cement is produced. Cement is bagged in bags.

“哈哈哈，妈妈再也不用担心我不会句式变换了。”

分割线 箭头 动态

“可是，怎么实现句子的连贯和衔接呢?用firstly, secondly, thirdly吗?”

当然不是，看下文：

There are several stages in the process of cement production. The first stage is that limestone and clay are crushed by the crusher into powder. In the next step, powder is sent to the mixer in which it is mixed. Delivered to the rotating heater, mixed powder is then rotated and heated. Subsequently, heated powder placed on the conveyor belt is conveyed to the grinder. After this, cooled powder is ground by the grinder until cement is produced before the final product is bagged in bags.

这样，我们的段落是不是很完美啦?!这样的方法同样可以用到第二个流程图的描述当中。想要获得更多有趣的方法，就来环球吧!