雅思阅读中填空题因果逻辑的解析

　　考过雅思的同学都知道，雅思阅读中的填空题涉及的考点有很多。因果逻辑考点就是其中高频的考点之一。因果关系考点本质上难度不大，但是关键要学会识别其标识词，这样才能一下击中考点所在，快速解题。下面我们就来看看因果逻辑是如何渗透到填空题当中进行考察的：

　　有明显的因果逻辑词

　　e.g.剑633 Q39

　　题：cells less damaged by disease because fewer_____ are emitted

　　文：One possibility relates to the ATP-making machinery’s emission of free radicals,which are thought to contribute to aging and to such age-related diseases as cancer by damaging cells.

　　解析：看到题目有明显的表示原因的词because之后，通过定位找到原文对应信息句。原文出现contribute to也是明显的因果逻辑，所以答案free radicals会很快找到。（类似这样表示因果逻辑的词还有很多，比如lead to/result in等，大家一定要在做题过程中多总结）

　　有隐性的因果逻辑词

　　e.g.剑1422 Q26

　　题：These were blamed for the spread of disease for hundreds of years,including epidemics of ______ in London and Paris in the middle of the 19th century.

　　文：Miasmas were feared as the principal agents of disease and epidemics for centuries,and were used to explain the spread of infection from the Middle Ages right through to the cholera outbreaks in London and Paris during the 1850s.

　　解析：题目中be blamed for直译过来是“受到....责备”，暗含了因果关系，即正是由于某事件的出现，才使得疾病传播了好几百年。而原文be used to explain也是在间接表达因果，所以在解题时找到对应的逻辑信号词，答案cholera就迎刃而解。

　　用破折号表示因果关系

　　e.g.剑521 Q3

　　题：There were several reasons for the research into plastics in the nineteenth century,among them the great advances that had been made in the field of______ and the search for alternatives to natural resources like ivory.

　　文：The impetus behind the development of these early plastics was generated by a number of factors---immense technological progress in the domain of chemistry,coupled with.....

　　解析：答案chemistry。用词汇表达因果逻辑大家想必很熟悉了，但是用符号比如破折号来表示却是大家容易忽视的一点。题目当中there were several reasons for是比较明显的因果逻辑信号表达，而在原文中，除了factors表示“因素”之外，破折号对解题起到了很关键的作用，因为破折号起到解释的作用，暗含了因果逻辑。

　　用分词表示原因状语

　　e.g.剑1341 Q11

　　题：Ferreira went to Falmouth to repair damage that a _____ had caused.

　　文：Badly damaged in a gale in 1922,she was put into Falmouth harbour in southwest England,for repairs.

　　解析：题目中出现了明显的因果关系逻辑词cause，定位到信息句之后发现文中过去分词短语所作的后置定语其实充当了原因状语，相当于一个简化了的原因状语从句。这也是因果关系的一种体现。对于这个语法现象还不太熟悉的同学一定要彻底将其搞懂，否则再遇到类似分词表达原因的现象还是很难识别，做题还是会很困难。

　　总之，因果逻辑的表示在题目中的考法很多样化，以上列举的四点是较为高频也是需要同学们掌握的。不知道你们学会了吗？

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